License types for images, photos, videos and other multimedia files

If you can't find the terms or license, follow the copyright. You may come across the following terms while doing so.

Creative Commons

This is a non-profit organization whose goal is to extend copyrighted works for legal use under a certain license. There are different types of licenses under the Creative Commons banner that restrict how the media is handled. For some types, you don't have to mention the author at all, in others you can only use the media if it is for non-commercial purposes. A certain type of license may also allow modification of the author's work.

Types of individual Creative Commons licenses.

Learn more at: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/

Public domain and free work

The public domain includes works whose copyrights have expired, have been forfeited or are unusable. Just because you find something on the internet doesn't necessarily mean it's public domain and you can do whatever you want with it. Always check what license is attached to the work.

Free work

This is an author's work whose proprietary copyright is not protected. The concept of free use is also related to this. This means that even an otherwise protected work can be used without the author's consent under certain conditions. With such media, you may not claim authorship, disparage the work, violate applicable legal regulations and, if the author is known, cite him as a source.

Royalty free

Images without copyright are not necessarily free. In most cases, you have to pay a one-time fee to get the rights to use the image. You don't pay per use, copy sold, or time horizon. The word "free" in the word "royalty-free" means that you do not have to pay copyright fees to the owner of the image every time it is used. You will find this approach in most photo banks. A one-time fee for licensing rights can also be in the form of a subscription (eg Freepik.com service).

What if no license is listed?

If no license is listed, media handling is considered copyright ©. If you don't have the author's permission, you can use the images only under certain conditions. Use means making a copy of the work, distributing or copying it to other persons.

You can use the author's work without the author's consent in the case of:

• free use of the work,
• use of free legal licenses (copying the work for internal use, use of so-called large or small quotations, educational license).

Free use of the work

This is the use of a work by a natural person for his own use and if no direct or indirect economic or commercial benefit is achieved. This precludes us from using the author's work in IVM publications.

Copying for internal use

A legal entity (e.g. a school) can acquire a copy of the author's work if it uses it for internal use. The school can thus use the work for the needs of its employees, but no longer for its pupils who are educated at the school. This means that you can have access to the author's works thanks to the school, but you cannot use them in your IVMs and publications.

Small and large quote

When creating a publication, you may reasonably use the works of other authors. If only parts of the works are concerned, this is a small quotation. In the case of entire works, this is a large citation. In doing so, it is necessary to comply with the rules established by the copyright law.

• Citations must be integrated into the whole. It cannot be a mere list of parts from the works of other authors.
• You can use quotations to further explain the topic of the publication. They should not form its main part.
• The cited work must be clearly distinguished from the author's own work. The name of the author, the title of the work and the source must be mentioned. At the same time, this citation does not replace the cited works in the sources used.

Small and large citations allow you to use entire works in IVM and publications, but you may not tamper with or modify the work.

Teaching License

Although this is the most common form of using the work of other authors without their consent, the educational license does not allow the use of works in IVM publications. According to the terms, use in IVM publications is inconsistent with the required illustrative purpose.

More practical information about teaching licenses can be found in the article School management: Legal and illegal use of textbooks, professional publications and literary works in teaching on the website eduin.cz.